Rabi’ al-Thani (also spelled Rabi’ al-Akhir) is the fourth month in the Islamic lunar calendar. The name “Rabi” translates to “spring” in Arabic, and “al-Thani” means “the second”, so “Rabi’ al-Thani” translates to “the second month of spring”. It’s important to note that the names of the Islamic months are derived from the pre-Islamic Arabian calendar, and they do not necessarily correspond to the actual weather seasons as the lunar year is 11 days shorter than the solar year.
The month of Rabi’ al-Thani is significant in Islamic history and also holds various spiritual and historical connotations in different Islamic traditions (Sunni, Shia, and others). Various events, such as the birthdays and death anniversaries of significant personalities in Islamic history, are commemorated in this month. Some of these events are marked with festivity, while others are observed with solemnity.
Different Muslim communities might observe diverse rituals, celebrations, or remembrances during Rabi’ al-Thani, depending on their cultural and theological perspectives. So, it is a month that might witness a variety of observances across the global Muslim Ummah (community).
| Occasion | Date | Year (Hijri) |
| Osama’s army heads to the Roman war after the Prophet’s martydom (PBUH) | 1 Rabi’ al-Thani | 11 AH |
| The Tawwabin Revolution led by Sulayman bin Surad Al-Khuza’i | 1 Rabi’ al-Thani | 65 AH |
| Martyrdom of Imam Baqir (AS) (according to one narration) | 1 Rabi’ al-Thani | 114 AH |
| Birth of Sayyid Abdul Adhim Al-Hasani (AS), among the scholars and nobles of the Al-Hasani, and narrators of Hadith | 4 Rabi’ al-Thani | 173 AH |
| Birth of Imam Hasan Al-Askari (AS) (according to one narration) | 4 Rabi’ al-Thani | 232 AH |
| Death of Taj al-Ulama, the jurist, fundamentalist, speaker, and Shiite author from the Indian subcontinent | 4 Rabi’ al-Thani | 1312 AH |
| Death of Hisham bin Abdul Malik; the tenth Caliph of Bani Umayyah who ordered the killing of Imam Muhammad Baqir (AS) | 6 Rabi’ al-Thani | 125 AH |
| Martyrdom of Lady Fatimah Zahra (SA) according to the 40 days narration | 8 Rabi’ al-Thani | 11 AH |
| Birth of Imam Hasan Al-Askari (AS); the eleventh Imam of the Ahl al-Bayt (AS) | 8 Rabi’ al-Thani | 232 AH |
| Death of Sayyid Haydar Al-Hilli, a descendant of Zaid bin Ali, and a poet of the Ahl al-Bayt (AS) who wrote elegies for them | 9 Rabi’ al-Thani | 1304 AH |
| Death of Lady Masuma (SA) daughter of Imam Musa Al-Kadhim (AS) and sister of Imam Reza (AS) | 10 Rabi’ al-Thani | 201 AH |
| Birth of Imam Hasan Al-Askari (AS); the eleventh Imam of the Ahl al-Bayt (AS) – (according to a narration) | 10 Rabi’ al-Thani | 232 AH |
| Bombing of the dome of Imam Reza’s (AS) sanctuary by Russian soldiers | 10 Rabi’ al-Thani | 1330 AH |
| Birth of Ibn Khallikan, the Muslim historian, and author of the biographical book “Wafayat al-A’yan” | 11 Rabi’ al-Thani | 608 AH |
| The divine order to increase the number of Rak’ats in prayer to 17 | 12 Rabi’ al-Thani | 1 AH |
| Beginning of the caliphate of Abi al-Abbas Abdullah Al-Saffah, the first Caliph of the Abbasids | 12 Rabi’ al-Thani | 132 AH |
| Martyrdom of Lady Zahra (SA) (according to a narration) | 13 Rabi’ al-Thani | 11 AH |
| Death of Mohammad Sadiq al-Tehrani, the exegete, jurist, and author of “Al-Furqan” in the interpretation of the Quran | 15 Rabi’ al-Thani | 1432 AH |
| Death of Sayyid Mahmoud Al-Hashemi Al-Shahroudi | 16 Rabi’ al-Thani | 1440 AH |
| Birth of Al-Muhaqqiq Al-Hilli, jurist, fundamentalist, poet, and author of “Shara’i’ al-Islam” | 18 Rabi’ al-Thani | 602 AH |
| Death of Sayyid Sadr al-Din al-Sadr, Father of Imam Musa al-Sadr | 19 Rabi’ al-Thani | 1373 AH |
| Death of Sheikh Mohammad Al-Nahawandi, the Shiite jurist and exegete, and author of “Nafahat al-Rahman” | 21 Rabi’ al-Thani | 1371 AH |
| Death of Sayyid Musa Al-Mubraqa; son of Imam Jawad (AS) and one of the narrators of Hadith | 22 Rabi’ al-Thani | 296 AH |
| Death of Mulla Mohammad Mohsen Al-Fayd Al-Kashani; narrator, Quranic exegete, and Akhbari jurist | 22 Rabi’ al-Thani | 1091 AH |
| Birth of Sheikh Mohammad Taqi Agha Najafi Esfahani; One of the persons in charge of the Tobacco Protest movement | 22 Rabi’ al-Thani | 1262 AH |
| Death of Sheikh Mohammad Ali Al-Haeri Al-Qumi, jurist, and traditionalist | 22 Rabi’ al-Thani | 1358 AH |
| Death of Mulla Ahmad Al-Naraqi; Author of the book “Mi’raj al-Sa’adah” | 23 Rabi’ al-Thani | 1245 AH |
| Death of Sayyid Ahmad Al-Khunsari; one of the Shiite jurists | 27 Rabi’ al-Thani | 1405 AH |
| Death of Allama Al-Amini; jurist, Author of the encyclopedia “Al-Ghadir” | 28 Rabi’ al-Thani | 1390 AH |
| Death of Zainab bint Khuzaymah, wife of the Prophet (PBUH) | Rabi’ al-Thani | …… |